高水头船闸输水阀门净动水启闭力特性研究【作者】刘猛 【导师】胡亚安
【作者】刘猛 【导师】胡亚安
【作者基本信息】南京水利科学研究院，水力学及河流动力学，2008年，硕士
【中文摘要】 船闸输水阀门是控制船闸运行最重要的设备之一,常年在非恒定流作用下频繁启闭,其工作环境恶劣,条件复杂。对船闸输水阀门的研究,一个关键问题是阀门的空化特性及预防和改善措施,另一个重要问题则是阀门的启闭力及其脉动幅值。前者关系到输水阀门能否正常运行,而后者不仅关系到阀门启闭机的容量和门体结构,而且涉及阀门运行的可靠性和灵活性。在大量分析研究前人有关船闸主要门型—反向弧形门启闭力(净动水启闭力)试验成果的基础上,建立了大比尺的输水阀门物理模型(依托银盘船闸),通过恒定流和非恒定流试验,对作用在阀门上的水流结构形态进行了详细的观察和分析,认为阀门的净动水启闭力构成可以分为两大部分,即廊道水流对门体的作用力和门井下降或上升水流的作用力,并通过理论分析得到了由这两部分作用力构成的净动水启闭力计算公式,与试验结果吻合较好,同时还对影响阀门净动水启闭力的各种因素及其变化规律进行了进一步探讨,并指出了需深入研究的方向。研究选取的反向弧形阀门是高水头船闸中应用最广泛的型式,其成果不仅能为今后高水头船闸输水阀门门体结构及启闭系统的设计、计算提供重要参数及理论支持,也可应用于相关规范的修订。
【英文摘要】 Lock culvert valves are one of the important equipments which control the navigation lock's performance. The valves open and close frequently under unsteady flow all year round with adverse environments and complicated conditions. One of the key issue for the study of the lock culvert valves is the cavitation characteristics and its preventive and corrective measures, the other one is the valve's hoist load and its pulsation amplitude. The former concerns whether the valves operate normally, and the latter is not only related to the capability of headstock gear and valve structure, but also related to the reliability and flexibility of valve's operation.On the basis of analyzing and studying on the former test results of hoist load of reverse tainter valve which is the main type of valves for navigation locks, a large scale (1:16) physical model for YinPan lock culvert valve has been built. Through the steady and unsteady flow experiments, structure of the acting flow on the valve has ...更多been observed and analyzed in detail. It has been found that the valve's net hydrodynamic hoist load can be composed of two parts, one is the acting force result from water in culvert and the other result from the descending and rising flow in valve well. Furtherly the formula of the net hydrodynamic hoist load has been put forward by theoretic analysis, and the calculation results has been proved to be agreed well with the experimental results. Meanwhile, the factors affecting the net hydrodynamic hoist load and their changing laws have been further studied. The further research direction is also been pointed out.Reverse tainter valve is used most widely in high head navigation locks, research results of this paper can not only provide important parameters and theoretic supporting for design and calculation of valve's structure and hoist system in high head navigation locks, but also can be applied to the revision of relevant standards. 还原
【中文关键词】 反弧形阀门; 净动水启闭力; 高水头船闸; 水流流态
【英文关键词】 reverse tainter valve; net hydrodynamic hoist load; high head navigation lock; water flow regime
